Healthy Lifestyle Choices

CONCEPTUAL

Science›The Human Body|Ages 9—11|ID: mt_4k3HGahK2k

Understand how lifestyle choices affect the body’s health: a balanced diet, regular exercise, adequate sleep, and avoiding harmful substances (tobacco, alcohol, drugs) help body systems function well, while poor choices increase the risk of disease

Mastery Evidence

Explain how regular exercise strengthens the heart, lungs, and muscles
Describe how a poor diet high in sugar and fat can lead to obesity, tooth decay, and heart problems
State at least two harmful effects of smoking (damages lungs, increases heart disease risk) or alcohol (damages liver, affects brain)

Assessment Prompt

“Can [child] explain how what they eat, how much they exercise, and how much they sleep affects how their body works — and why smoking or drugs are harmful?”

Prerequisites3

The Immune System
softAges 9—11
Balanced Diet & Food Groups
hardAges 7—9
Circulation & Breathing Together
hardAges 9—11

Show full prerequisite tree

The Immune System soft
Lifestyle choices affect immune health; understanding immune system enriches health reasoning
- Cells, Tissues & Organs hard
  Understanding immune system requires knowing about cells and how they form systems
  - The Heart & Blood soft
    Cells-to-systems hierarchy helps organise knowledge of heart as an organ in a system
  - The Brain Controls the Body soft
    Cells-to-systems hierarchy helps organise knowledge of brain as an organ in a system
  - How Breathing Works soft
    Cells-to-systems hierarchy helps organise knowledge of lungs as organs in a system
Balanced Diet & Food Groups hard
Making lifestyle choices requires knowing what a balanced diet is
- Basic Body Needs hard
  Learning food groups builds on knowing the body needs food for energy and health
  - The Heart & Blood soft
    Basic needs (exercise keeps heart strong) connects to knowing the heart pumps blood
  - How Breathing Works soft
    Basic needs (body needs air) connects to knowing about breathing and lungs
- Animal Nutrition soft
  Exploratory food groups complements curriculum nutrition topic (GB Y3)
  - Herbivores, Carnivores & Omnivores soft
    Carnivore/herbivore/omnivore classification supports understanding nutrition differences
    - Naming Common Animals hard
      Must identify animal groups before classifying by diet
  - What Living Things Need hard
    Must know basic survival needs before learning about nutrition types and food groups
    - Common Plants & Trees soft
      Knowing plants helps understand what they need
    - Living Things Vocabulary soft
      Describing what plants and animals need to survive uses life processes vocabulary: nutrition, growth, sensitivity
    - Naming Common Animals soft
      Knowing animals helps understand what they need
Circulation & Breathing Together hard
Understanding how lifestyle affects health requires knowing how circulatory and respiratory systems interact
- Heart & Blood Circulation hard
  System interaction requires detailed knowledge of the circulatory system
  - Cells, Tissues & Organs hard
    Understanding 4-chamber heart requires knowing organs work within organ systems
    - The Heart & Blood soft
      Cells-to-systems hierarchy helps organise knowledge of heart as an organ in a system
    - The Brain Controls the Body soft
      Cells-to-systems hierarchy helps organise knowledge of brain as an organ in a system
    - How Breathing Works soft
      Cells-to-systems hierarchy helps organise knowledge of lungs as organs in a system
  - The Heart & Blood hard
    Detailed circulatory system builds on knowing the heart pumps blood through blood vessels
- How the Lungs Work hard
  System interaction requires detailed knowledge of the respiratory system
  - Cells, Tissues & Organs hard
    Understanding alveoli and gas exchange requires knowing the cells-to-systems hierarchy
    - The Heart & Blood soft
      Cells-to-systems hierarchy helps organise knowledge of heart as an organ in a system
    - The Brain Controls the Body soft
      Cells-to-systems hierarchy helps organise knowledge of brain as an organ in a system
    - How Breathing Works soft
      Cells-to-systems hierarchy helps organise knowledge of lungs as organs in a system
  - How Breathing Works hard
    Detailed respiratory system builds on knowing we breathe air into lungs for oxygen

Unlocks1

Diet, Exercise & Lifestyle
softAges 10—11