Dissolving & Solutions

CONCEPTUAL

Science›Matter & Materials|Ages 9—10|ID: mt_Mf-T-fYRLX

Understand that some materials dissolve in liquid to form a solution, and describe how to recover a substance from a solution by evaporation

Mastery Evidence

Explain that dissolving means a solid mixes completely into a liquid to form a solution
Describe how to recover a dissolved substance by evaporating the liquid
Distinguish between a mixture (can see separate parts) and a solution (looks clear, fully dissolved)

Assessment Prompt

“Can [child] explain what happens when sugar dissolves in tea, and figure out how to get the salt back from salty water?”

Curriculum Standards1 alignment

Y5.Sci.PCM.2The national curriculum in England

Dissolving and recovering substances

know that some materials will dissolve in liquid to form a solution, and describe how to recover a substance from a solution

Science · Key Stage 2

Prerequisites3

Changes & Separation Vocabulary
hardAges 7—9
Advanced Material Properties
hardAges 9—11
Evaporation & the Water Cycle
softAges 8—9

Show full prerequisite tree

Changes & Separation Vocabulary hard
Understanding dissolving and solutions requires 'dissolve', 'solution', 'soluble', 'insoluble' from the process vocabulary node
Advanced Material Properties hard
Must understand solubility as a property before learning dissolving and recovery in detail
- Testing Materials for Uses soft
  Within GB sequence, testing advanced properties supports justifying material choices; US teaches material uses earlier without this prerequisite
  - Material Properties Vocabulary soft
    Giving evidence-based reasons for material uses draws on conductor, insulator, and other property vocabulary
- Material Properties Vocabulary hard
  Grouping materials by hardness, solubility, transparency, conductivity, and magnetic response requires all these property terms
- Choosing the Right Material hard
  Must understand material suitability before testing advanced properties like conductivity and solubility
  - Material Properties Vocabulary soft
    Comparing suitability of materials for uses requires property vocabulary to articulate why one material is better than another
  - Grouping Materials hard
    Must group materials by properties before evaluating suitability for purposes
    - Describing Material Properties hard
      Must describe properties before using them to group materials
      - States of Matter Vocabulary soft
        Describing physical properties of materials uses solid/liquid/gas vocabulary introduced in the states of matter LANGUAGE node
      - Naming Everyday Materials hard
        Must name materials before describing their properties
        
        Objects vs Materials hard
        Must distinguish objects from materials before naming specific materials
- Solids, Liquids & Gases soft
  Understanding states of matter supports testing properties like solubility
  - States of Matter Vocabulary hard
    Comparing and grouping materials as solids, liquids, or gases requires the naming vocabulary for the three states
  - Drawing Particle Diagrams hard
    Comparing and grouping solids, liquids, and gases by properties is greatly aided by the particle diagram representation
  - Heating & Cooling Changes hard
    Must classify states of matter before understanding changes between states
    - States of Matter Vocabulary hard
      Describing and measuring changes of state requires solid/liquid/gas vocabulary and the term 'change of state'
    - Drawing Particle Diagrams hard
      Observing and describing change of state requires reading particle diagrams showing how arrangement changes on heating or cooling
  - Grouping Materials hard
    Must group materials by properties before classifying into three states of matter
    - Describing Material Properties hard
      Must describe properties before using them to group materials
      - States of Matter Vocabulary soft
        Describing physical properties of materials uses solid/liquid/gas vocabulary introduced in the states of matter LANGUAGE node
      - Naming Everyday Materials hard
        Must name materials before describing their properties
        
        Objects vs Materials hard
        Must distinguish objects from materials before naming specific materials
  - Changing Shapes of Solids soft
    Changing shapes of solids provides context for understanding solid properties
    - Describing Material Properties hard
      Must know material properties before investigating how shapes change
      - States of Matter Vocabulary soft
        Describing physical properties of materials uses solid/liquid/gas vocabulary introduced in the states of matter LANGUAGE node
      - Naming Everyday Materials hard
        Must name materials before describing their properties
        
        Objects vs Materials hard
        Must distinguish objects from materials before naming specific materials
Evaporation & the Water Cycle soft
Evaporation knowledge supports understanding recovery of dissolved substances
- Changes & Separation Vocabulary hard
  Identifying the role of evaporation and condensation requires knowing these process terms precisely
- The Water Cycle soft
  Water cycle connects to curriculum evaporation/condensation topic
  - Cloud Types hard
    Water cycle requires understanding cloud formation (condensation)
    - Rain & Puddles hard
      Cloud types build on knowing rain comes from clouds
      - Types of Weather soft
        Rain concept benefits from knowing rain as a weather type
  - Where water is found on Earth soft
    Water cycle benefits from knowing where water is found on Earth
    - Shapes of land and water hard
      Must know land and water features before learning where water is found on Earth
      - Seasonal changes soft
        Seasonal observation supports understanding land and water features
        
        Days, Weeks, Months & Years soft
        Observing and describing seasonal changes requires basic date and time vocabulary (months, seasons, year)
        
        Ordering Events in Time hard
        Understanding days/months/years builds on sequencing events chronologically
    - Heating & Cooling Changes soft
      Understanding state changes supports knowing water as solid (ice) and liquid
      - States of Matter Vocabulary hard
        Describing and measuring changes of state requires solid/liquid/gas vocabulary and the term 'change of state'
      - Drawing Particle Diagrams hard
        Observing and describing change of state requires reading particle diagrams showing how arrangement changes on heating or cooling
  - Heating & Cooling Changes soft
    Water cycle benefits from curriculum states of matter (heating/cooling changes state)
    - States of Matter Vocabulary hard
      Describing and measuring changes of state requires solid/liquid/gas vocabulary and the term 'change of state'
    - Drawing Particle Diagrams hard
      Observing and describing change of state requires reading particle diagrams showing how arrangement changes on heating or cooling
  - Temperature & Thermometers soft
    Water cycle evaporation relates to temperature (heat drives evaporation)
  - Rain & Puddles hard
    Full water cycle builds on basic rain/puddle/evaporation concept
    - Types of Weather soft
      Rain concept benefits from knowing rain as a weather type
- Heating & Cooling Changes hard
  Must understand state changes before learning about evaporation/condensation in water cycle
  - States of Matter Vocabulary hard
    Describing and measuring changes of state requires solid/liquid/gas vocabulary and the term 'change of state'
  - Drawing Particle Diagrams hard
    Observing and describing change of state requires reading particle diagrams showing how arrangement changes on heating or cooling

Unlocks3

Separating Mixtures
hardAges 9—10
Pure Substances & Mixtures
hardAges 11—13
Reversible Changes
hardAges 9—10