Relative Clauses

PROCEDURAL

English›Grammar & Punctuation|Ages 9—10|ID: mt_YQ64pzcLDl

Form and use relative clauses beginning with relative pronouns (who, whose, whom, which, that) and relative adverbs (where, when, why) to add detail, qualify nouns, and create complex sentences

Mastery Evidence

Combine a main clause with a relative clause using 'who' or 'which' to add information about a noun, e.g. 'The dog, which had a red collar, barked loudly'
Choose the correct relative pronoun (who for people, which for things, where for places, when for times) and identify the noun it refers back to
Recognise that a relative clause beginning with 'that' can often replace 'who' or 'which' in defining clauses, e.g. 'The book that I read' vs 'The book which I read'

Assessment Prompt

“When [child] writes to add detail about a noun — like describing a friend "who loves football" or a place "where we always go on holiday" — do they build that into the same sentence using a relative clause?”

Curriculum Standards3 alignments

L.4.1aCommon Core State Standards for English Language Arts & Literacy in History/Social Studies, Science, and Technical Subjects

L.4.1a

Use relative pronouns (who, whose, whom, which, that) and relative adverbs (where, when, why).

English Language Arts

Eng.App2.Y5.Sent.1The national curriculum in England

Relative clauses

Relative clauses beginning with who, which, where, when, whose, that, or an omitted relative pronoun

English · Key Stage 2

Eng.UKS2.Write.VGP.1fThe national curriculum in England

Use relative clauses

Develop their understanding of the concepts set out in English Appendix 2 by using relative clauses beginning with who, which, where, when, whose, that or with an implied (i.e. omitted) relative pronoun.

English · Key Stage 2

Prerequisites2

Pronouns for clarity
softAges 7—9
Subordinate clauses
hardAges 6—9

Show full prerequisite tree

Pronouns for clarity soft
Relative pronouns (who, which, that) overlap with pronoun knowledge; pronoun cohesion supports understanding pronoun reference in relative clauses
- Pronouns hard
  Pronoun cohesion and reflexive pronouns build on basic pronoun usage
  - Building sentences soft
    Sentence concept supports understanding pronoun function
  - Basic Nouns & Verbs hard
    Must know what nouns are before replacing them with pronouns
Subordinate clauses hard
Relative clauses extend subordination; learners must understand how subordinate clauses work before embedding relative clauses
- Listening and responding soft
  Listening skills support understanding complex sentence structures
- Building sentences hard
  Must understand sentences before combining clauses
- Four Types of Sentences soft
  Understanding sentence types supports creating complex sentences
  - Building sentences hard
    Must understand what a sentence is before learning sentence types
  - Starting and Ending Sentences hard
    Must know basic sentence punctuation before varying it by type
    - Building sentences hard
      Must understand sentences before punctuating them
- Joining Words with 'And' hard
  Must be able to join with 'and' before learning subordination and other co-ordinating conjunctions
  - Building sentences hard
    Must understand sentences before joining them

Unlocks3

Phrases & Clauses
hardAges 11—13
Types of Sentences
hardAges 11—14
Varying Sentence Structure
softAges 10—11